When to plant endive?

When, by region

February to August, April, May and June, March to November, 15 °C (59 °F), 20-22 °C (68-72 °F), 5 °C (41 °F), 1 cm (½ in), 23-38 cm (9-13 in), 5 cm (2 in) and mid- or late August are from the RHS. April, June, September, winter and late autumn, 55,000-90,000 plants per hectare, the first 20 cm and 0 to -5 °C (32 to 23 °F) are from Campania. 10-25 °C (50-77 °F) and 25 cm are from Sicily, which writes no month. Umbria 2025 writes no month. Lettuce, with its months, is in when to plant lettuce. The months are in the February calendar, April, May, June, July, August and September.

From February to August

The RHS calendar marks sowing from February to August and planting out in April, May and June. Seed wants at least 15 °C (59 °F) in the soil, and germinates well at 20-22 °C (68-72 °F). Outdoors, start from late May, through to August. Earlier, and so from February, sow indoors, and keep the seedling inside until the weather is warm enough: below 5 °C (41 °F), if the cold lasts, the plant runs to flower. For winter, sow escarole in mid- or late August. Seed goes 1 cm (½ in) deep. Heads are thinned to 23-38 cm (9-13 in), baby leaves to 5 cm (2 in). Young leaves are cut about a month after sowing.

The pot is in starting seeds indoors. Radicchio, another chicory, is in when to plant radicchio.

Campania, three open-field months

In Campania the chapter covers frisée and escarole, Cichorium endivia. The open field is transplanted in April, June and September. Under a cold tunnel, or with fleece laid on the plants, the transplants are in winter and in late autumn, and a month name is not written. Because the cycle is short it can be grown through the year, as a catch crop or as a main crop. The stand is 55,000-90,000 plants per hectare. It does not take temperatures from 0 to -5 °C (32 to 23 °F). 80 per cent of the roots stay in the first 20 cm. Outside mountain zones the succession is five years, with at least three crops and at most one repeat. Two cycles in the same year count as one year. In a fixed protected crop, the succession can be skipped if at least every other year you solarise for at least 45 days.

In Sicily the chapter writes no month. Growth is happy between 10 and 25 °C (50-77 °F), depending on the variety and the season. Under cover and in the open field the minimum distance is 25 cm. The short cycle, of 2-3 months, can be repeated. On intensive vegetable plots, in five years, it goes in with at least one other crop, two repeats are allowed, and the crop in between is not a composite. Solarisation, where it releases you from the succession, lasts at least 60 days. Umbria, in 2025, puts chicory, frisée, escarole and lettuce on the same sheet and does not write the month. The return gap, on that page, is written for lettuce. Lettuce is in when to plant lettuce.

Heads and baby leaves

The RHS separates frisée, for summer, and escarole, which also takes the winter. Heads take about three months. Baby leaves are cut more than once, until the plant runs to flower. The harvest calendar marks March to November. A pot is possible, at the same spacing as the heads or the 5 cm (2 in) baby leaves. The pot is in the container garden.

In crop rotation salads go wherever suits you, without repeating them too often. In Campania the written gap is the five years, with at most one repeat.